Measuring Free Fatty Acids (FFA), Peroxide Value (PV) and Saponification Value (SV): In the present study, rancidity in cookies samples were determined by measuring free fatty acid, peroxide value, and saponification value with and without TWP for 45 days of storage.
Saponification number was found to be 195 mg KOH/g oil and resembled that of honeydew melon (210 mg KOH/g oil) which was also a variety of Cucumis melo found by (Yanty et al.
As for the saponification index, each type of oil and fat has a characteristic range, and any change in this parameter can indicate mixtures of other oils, characterizing frauds.
The fatty acids in the fat from casein and serum were made into their methyl ester by saponification followed by esterification and analyzed by GC-FID.
Qualitative Phytochemical Screening of HAE of Solanum xanthocarpum Extract Alkaloids Mayer's Dragondroff's Wagner's test test test: HAE + + + Extract Glycosides Tannins & Flavanoids Phenolics Legal's Gelatin Ferric Shinoda Alkaline test test chloride test reagent test test HAE + + + + + Extract Proteins Sterols Biuret Ninhydrin Salkowski Libermann- test test test Buchard test HAE + + + + Extract Triterpenoids Carbohydrates Fat and oils Slakowski Molisch's Saponification test test HAE + + + Table 2.
Glycerides and alcohols must be anhydrous when alkali catalysts are used because the presence of water may shift the reaction toward the saponification, a process by which soap is produced.