alkyl group

During drying process, organically modified silica particles were driven to the coating-air interface either by PDMS or fluorinated alkyl group tethered onto the colloids to form bumps on the coating surface.

This is attributed to the order of electron deficiency in polymer chain or the order of inductive effect of the pendant alkyl group.

The copolymer, representing 1-20% by weight, is selected from the group consisting of copolymers of propylene with 45-60% by weight of one or more CH2_CHR alkenes, where R is an alkyl group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms or copolymers of propylene with 45-60% by weight of the one or more CH2_CHR alkenes and with 0-6% by weight ethylene; copolymers of 20 to 80% by weight ethylene with one or more CH2_CHR_ alkenes, where R_ is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, the copolymers of ethylene containing from 0-30% of fraction insoluble in xylene at 25[degrees]C, or copolymers of 20-80% by weight ethylene with one or more of the CH2_CHR_ alkenes and from 1-10% by weight of a diene.

but decreased when the alkyl group of the alkyltriethoxysilanes increased in size.

From that table, it can be seen that the long-chain alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom of carbazole greatly enhance the solubility of ferrocenium salts, especially in polar solvents and epoxides.

(In the formula, M denotes an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, [R.sup.1], [R.sup.2] and [R.sup.3] independently denote an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m denotes an integer of 1 to 5, and n denotes an integer of 0 to 5.) There are also provided a conjugated diene polymer produced by the production method, and a polymer composition containing a rubber component that includes the conjugated diene polymer and carbon black and/or silica, the total content of the carbon black and the silica being 5 to 200 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.

The use of DEM-M having a C = C group afforded merely a microcomposite, probably because of the lack of a bulky alkyl group. On the whole, although the enhancement in flexural modulus was observed for the exfoliated ODA-M and BHL-M composites, the flexural strength was rather lowered.

The titanium monomer contains the group hydrolyzed to form hydroxyl group being represented by formula Ti[(OR).sub.4], wherein R is same or different, and represents an alkyl group having one to five carbon atoms.

This is attributed to the decrease in the bulkiness of the pendent alkyl group, which also increases the glass transition temperature ([T.sub.g]) of the methacrylate phase (17, 18).

The dispersant is the polymerization reaction product of a mixture of monomers consisting of approximately 10%-40% by weight styrene; 10%-55% by weight of at least one alkyl methacrylate monomer having one to eight carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and 10%-55% by weight of at least one alkyl methacrylate monomer having greater than eight carbon atoms in the alkyl group; five percent to 25% by weight of at least one alkyl acrylate monomer having from one to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and seven percent to 25% by weight of at least one hydroxy-functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a molecular weight of less than 2000; and 0.1% to 15% of a compound providing an amine functional moiety.

The degree of alkylation decreased with the increasing carbon number of the alkyl group and showed smaller values in the case of branched compounds.

wherein [R.sub.f] is a perfluorinated group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; [R.sup.1] is a divalent alkylene group, arylene group or mixture thereof, substituted with one or more heteroatoms or functional groups, containing about one to about 16 carbon atoms; [R.sup.2] is a lower alkyl group; X is a halide, a lower alkoxy group or an acyloxy group; and x is 0 or 1.

(wherein R is a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbons), based on 100 parts by weight of a rubber component.

X comprises and aromatic group or an alkyl group. NIon comprises one type of non-ionic group.

And [R.sub.2] is a [C.sub.1] to [C.sub.6] alkyl group, said copolymer containing about 85 to 99.5 weight percent of said at least one isoolefin moiety.