The pattern of localization of the putative oocyte activation factor, phospholipase Czeta, in uncapacitated, capacitated, and ionophore-treated human spermatozoa.
The subsequent intracellular signaling pathway leads to release of preformed molecules such as histamine and leukotriene C4 (LTC4), chemotactic factors like the platelet activation factor (PAF) and retinoic acid, basogranulin, cytokines including IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, TNF[alpha], and TSLP, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides.
This was also supported by the platelet activation factor data as given in table 1, indicating no increase in platelet factor 4 release activated by the microspheres on incubation with blood compared to untreated blood.
According to the 5-dimension model of psychopathology, L-theanine produced significant reductions on PANSS positive (p = 0.004) and activation factor (p = 0.006) scores compared with placebo.