Our data corroborate the clade Dasyproctidae as separate from Agoutidae. The close relationship between Cavia and Hydrochaeris is evident, but it does not clarify if the hypothesis that includes Hydrochaeridae within Caviidae is plausible or not.
Medium-sized mammals such as paca (Agouti paca) (Linnaeus, 1766) (Agoutidae) and brown-throated-three-toed-sloth (Bradypus variegatus) (Schinz, 1825) (Bradypodidae) were recorded elsewhere (Wang, 1999).