acetylcholine

This result confirmed that acetyl choline esterase plays an important role in spinosad resistance and also most of monooxygenase enzymes.

One approach to lessening the impact of these abnormalities is to inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine (Ach) by blocking the relevant enzyme AchE (acetyl choline esterase) [2](Figure 1).

The following estimations were carried out:--Cytochrome F420, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, acetyl choline and glutamate [11-13].

Synaptic transmission from a nerve cell to another cell such as a muscle cell in many situations relies on acetyl choline. The enzyme acetylcholinesterase in nerve endings catalyses the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetylCoA, thus determining a very short action of acetylcholine.

It is in high concentration in the electric organ of the electric eel, Eletrophorus Electricus, an adaptation of a synaptosome that depends on acetyl choline as the neurotransmitter.

Tiotropium produces relaxation of airway smooth muscle by antagonism of acetyl choline at M3-muscarinic receptors, while formoterol achieves that effect through stimulation of [[beta].sub.2] receptors, which results in an increase of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (Chest 2004; 125:249-59).

Simply put, atropine reverses the effects of acetyl choline, the neurotransmitter secreted by nerves like the vagus nerve, that acts to slow the heart rate, among many other activities.