beta-hydroxybutyric acid

rats exhibited significant elevation of citric acid, valine, leucine, oleic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid and phosphate.

We observed the significantly increased serum glycerol, stearic acid, and 3-hydroxybutyric acid after SD, suggesting improved lipid metabolism.

Intracellular degradation of poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid) accumulated by Azotobacter chroococcum MAL 201.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB; [M.sub.w] = 300,000 [gmol.sup.-1]), poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV; [M.sub.w] = 680,000 [gmol.sup.-1] with 12% (w/w) polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) content) (Deng et al.

The next effective cycle is the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies with 3-hydroxybutyric acid as the metabolite involved.

The main observed differences in serum spectra between CD patients and controls were lower levels of several amino acids (asparagine, isoleucine, methionine, proline, and valine), methylamine, pyruvate, creatinine, choline, methylglutarate, lactate, lipids, and glycoproteins and higher levels of glucose and 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Notably, the best discrimination is obtained from CPMG spectra (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill spin echo sequence) [83], that is, from spectra in which signals arising from large macromolecules such as lipidic components are suppressed [49].

Pyruvic acid overlaps with phthalic, N-acetylaspartic, and glycolic acids; pyroglutamic acid overlaps with 3-hydroxybutyric acid; phenylpyruvic acid overlaps with orotic and hydroxyisovaleric acids; and p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic and phenyllactic acids overlap with xanthurenic and homogentisic acids.