propylene glycol

Nickel (II) formate dihydrate (Ni[(HCOO).sub.2] x 2[H.sub.2]O) and ethylene glycol (HO[(C[H.sub.2]).sub.2]OH) of 99.8% purity grade, [greater than or equal to] 99.5% pure 1,2-propylene glycol (C[H.sub.3]CH(OH)C[H.sub.2]OH), [greater than or equal to] 97.0% pure 1,5-pentanediol (HO[(C[H.sub.2]).sub.5]OH), 99% pure diethylene glycol ([(HOC[H.sub.2]C[H.sub.2]).sub.2]O), 95% pure ethanol, and 80% solution of hydrazine hydrate supplied by Sigma Aldrich were used in the experiments without further purification.

PPA was synthesized via poly-esterification reaction using 1,2-propylene glycol and adipic acid as raw materials by our laboratory (Scheme 1), PPA has number-average molecular weight of 1.90 X [10.sup.3], the polydispersity index of 1.4, and degree of polymerization n of 10.

It is prepared by a method comprised of dispersing a powder clearcoat in an aqueous medium, adding an adduct that is at least one of an adduct of ethylene oxide with at least one glycol, and/or an adduct of propylene oxide with at least one glycol, wherein the glycol is at least one of 1,2-propylene glycol 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, to form a composition and then wet milling the composition.

Marlon A375 (Sasol) 7.00 (linear sodium alkylbenzenesulphonate (LAS) 75%) Edenor K 12-18 (Cognis) 7.50 (coconut fatty acid [C.sub.12]-[C.sub.18]) Neodol 45-7E (Shell) 17.00 (alcohol ethoxylate [C.sub.14]-[C.sub.15] E07-8) Triethanolamine 7.50 1,2-Propylene glycol 11.00 Citric acid 50% aqueous solution 6.50 KOH 45% aqueous solution 9.50 Tinosorb FD (Ciba) 0.33 (UV-absorber) Deionized water q.s.

Marlinat 242/90M (Sasol) 30.00 (fatty alcohol ethersulphate) Marlipal 24/40 (Sasol) 15.00 (alcohol ethoxylate [C.sub.12]-[C.sub.14] EO<5) Marlipal 24/70 (Sasol) 10.00 (alcohol ethoxylate [C.sub.12]-[C.sub.14] EO 5-20) Edenor K12-18 (Cognis) 15.00 (coconut fatty acid) Ethanolamine 8.00 Isopropanol 6.00 1,2-Propylene glycol 13.00 Dequest 2060S (Deqest) 1.00 (diethylenetriamine penta [methylene phosphonic acid]) Tinosorb FD (Ciba) 0.33 (UV absorber) PROCEDURE: Stir the phosphonic acid into the alcohol ethersulphate and then add propylene glycol containing the required amount of Tinosorb FD.