Numerous life history studies of the potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a serious pest that affects potato production worldwide, have been done (Langford & Cory 1932; Mukherjee 1949; Bartolini 1951; Stanev & Kaitazov 1962; Al-Ali et al.
The effect of soil depth and exposure to winter conditions on survival of the potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).