besetment

Each of the articles also deals with besetment in some way.

Murphy details the contrasting fates of the two ships: Hansa's besetment, ice-drift, and ultimate loss, and Germania's s comfortable wintering off Sabine O (Sabine Island) followed by some useful exploration and mapping.

Chapters 9 to 12 provide the reader with a well-thought-out theory about the fate of the ships and the men from the moment of final besetment on 12 September 1846 to the (initial) abandonment on 22 April 1848, nearly a year after Franklin's death on 11 June 1847.